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Barnard c is a Rocky exoplanet (a small, dense world with a solid surface) with a mass of 0.3 Earth masses. It has an equilibrium temperature of 400 K (127°C). The planet completes one orbit around its star every 4.1 Earth days. It was discovered in 2025 using the radial velocity method. It orbits the M-type star Barnard's star, located approximately 2 parsecs (6 light-years) from Earth.
2025
Discovered
0.3
Earth Masses
400
Temperature (K)
Discovery Information
Discovery MethodRadial Velocity
Discovery Year2,025
Discovery FacilityGemini Observatory
Orbital Properties
Orbital Period4.1244 days
Semi-Major Axis0.0274 AU
Eccentricity0.08
Physical Properties
Mass (Jupiter)0.0011 MJ
Mass (Earth)0.335 M⊕
Eq. Temperature400 K
Planetary Extremes
Where Barnard c sits on the spectrum of all known exoplanets.
Mass0.3 M⊕
FeatherweightColossus
Temperature400 K
FrozenInferno
Year Length4.1 days
LightningGlacial
Star Distance0.027 AU
ScorchedFrozen exile
Star System View
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Orbit Comparison
Earth: 365.25 days (1 AU)Barnard c: 4.1 Earth days (0.027 AU)
Host Star: Barnard's star
Spectral TypeM3.5-4 V
Effective Temperature3,195 K
Mass0.162 M☉
Radius0.185 R☉
Size vs Sun5.41x smaller
Luminosity0.0036 L☉
Luminosity vs Sun281.7x dimmer
Metallicity [Fe/H]-0.56
Distance (pc)1.8266 pc
Distance (ly)6.0 light-years
Planets in the Barnard's star System
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